After the deaths of the joint emperors Gordian I and Gordian II in 238 AD, the Roman Senate proclaimed two elderly senators, Pupienus and Balbinus, joint emperors. However, the people and the Praetorian Guard in Rome distrusted the Senate’s nominees and insisted on making the 13-year-old Gordian (grandson of Gordian I and nephew of Gordian II) Caesar and heir to the throne. After his own troops murdered the deposed emperor Maximus (reigned 235-238), the Praetorian Guard rioted, killed Pupienus and Balbinus, and in August 238, proclaimed the young Gordian sole emperor. The government was directed first by his mother and late by his father-in-law, the praetorian prefect Timesitheus. In 242 Gordian accompanied Timesitheus on a campaign against the Persians. After successes in battle, the prefect died of an illness in 243 and was replaced by Philip the Arabian. In the spring of 244 Gordian was murdered by the troops and succeeded by Philip.